Na última quarta-feira, 19 de abril, os Ministérios das Relações Exteriores e do Planejamento e Orçamento informou em nota sobre a quitação de uma dívida de R$ 500 milhões do Brasil junto ao Fundo para a Convergência Estrutural do Mercosul (FOCEM), que vai liberar aos municípios brasileiros em regiões de fronteira com os países do Mercosul R$ 350 milhões para investirem em infraestrutura urbana, segurança, saneamento básico e saúde.
Os países que fazem parte do Mercosul são: Brasil, Paraguai, Uruguai e Argentina.
Em nota divulgada, o Governo Federal afirma que a quitação da dívida do Brasil junto ao FOCEM “reforça o compromisso do governo com a integração regional e permite a reativação desse mecanismo estratégico, a fim de financiar projetos de integração da infraestrutura regional e diminuir as assimetrias entre os países do Mercosul.”
O Ministério do Planejamento e Orçamento, em contato com Assomasul, disse que os recursos do Focem são liberados conforme os projeto elaborados pelos governos estaduais ou municipais, e que poderão ser apresentados pelas prefeituras a partir de julho “Os recursos podem ser acessados por qualquer município que tenha fronteira com países do Mercosul, mas não há um valor garantido ou pré-definido por cidade. Os recursos são liberados por projeto, e esses passam por uma avaliação de mérito, impacto, e precisam ser posteriormente aprovados”.
O foco são projetos que impactem positivamente a vida da população das cidades de fronteira, além de expandir a integração física, aumentando o comércio intra-regional e a competitividade do bloco.
Quem recebe os projetos é a Secretaria de Assuntos Internacionais e Desenvolvimento (Seaid) do Ministério do Planejamento e Orçamento. Ela faz a primeira avaliação e depois a decisão é do Focem e das chancelarias dos países.
O recurso do Focem pode ser solicitado pelas prefeituras dos municípios de Antônio João, Aral Moreira, Bela Vista, Caracol, Coronel Sapucaia, Sete Quedas, Japorã, Paranhos, Ponta Porã, Mundo Novo, Porto Murtinho, Laguna Caarapã, Amambai, Tacuru, Eldorado e Iguatemi.
O país não fazia os aportes acordados para o fundo desde a gestão da ex-presidente Dilma Rousseff (PT). O valor pago representa uma pequena parte da dívida, um pouco mais de 10% dos débitos.
O FOCEM foi criado em 2004, com vistas a financiar programas para promover a convergência estrutural e desenvolver a competitividade dos países do bloco, promover a coesão social, em particular das economias menores e regiões menos desenvolvidas, e apoiar o funcionamento da estrutura institucional e o fortalecimento do Mercosul. Os fundos são destinados aos países, e entregues em caráter de doação não reembolsável para financiar até 85% do valor elegível por eles apresentados.
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